Cardiovascular risk and endothelial function in people living with HIV/AIDS: design of the multi-site, longitudinal EndoAfrica study in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
Identifieur interne : 000A68 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000A67; suivant : 000A69Cardiovascular risk and endothelial function in people living with HIV/AIDS: design of the multi-site, longitudinal EndoAfrica study in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
Auteurs : Hans Strijdom [Afrique du Sud] ; Patrick De Boever [Belgique] ; Gerhard Walzl [Afrique du Sud] ; M. Faadiel Essop [Afrique du Sud] ; Tim S. Nawrot [Belgique] ; Ingrid Webster [Afrique du Sud] ; Corli Westcott [Afrique du Sud] ; Nyiko Mashele [Afrique du Sud] ; Frans Everson [Afrique du Sud] ; Stephanus T. Malherbe [Afrique du Sud] ; Kim Stanley [Afrique du Sud] ; Harald H. Kessler [Autriche] ; Evelyn Stelzl [Autriche] ; Nandu Goswami [Autriche]Source :
- BMC Infectious Diseases [ 1471-2334 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte, Artère brachiale (physiologie), Artère brachiale (physiopathologie), Endothélium vasculaire (physiopathologie), Endothélium vasculaire (virologie), Facteurs de risque, Humains, Infections à VIH (), Infections à VIH (traitement médicamenteux), Maladies cardiovasculaires (virologie), Maladies cardiovasculaires (épidémiologie), Maladies cardiovasculaires (étiologie), Marqueurs biologiques (sang), République d'Afrique du Sud (épidémiologie), Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise (), Épaisseur intima-média carotidienne, Études longitudinales, Études prospectives, Études épidémiologiques.
- MESH :
- physiologie : Artère brachiale.
- physiopathologie : Artère brachiale, Endothélium vasculaire.
- sang : Marqueurs biologiques.
- traitement médicamenteux : Infections à VIH.
- virologie : Endothélium vasculaire, Maladies cardiovasculaires.
- épidémiologie : Maladies cardiovasculaires, République d'Afrique du Sud.
- étiologie : Maladies cardiovasculaires.
- Adulte, Facteurs de risque, Humains, Infections à VIH, Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise, Épaisseur intima-média carotidienne, Études longitudinales, Études prospectives, Études épidémiologiques.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (complications), Adult, Biomarkers (blood), Brachial Artery (physiology), Brachial Artery (physiopathology), Cardiovascular Diseases (epidemiology), Cardiovascular Diseases (etiology), Cardiovascular Diseases (virology), Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Endothelium, Vascular (physiopathology), Endothelium, Vascular (virology), Epidemiologic Studies, HIV Infections (complications), HIV Infections (drug therapy), Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, South Africa (epidemiology).
- MESH :
- chemical , blood : Biomarkers.
- complications : Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, HIV Infections.
- drug therapy : HIV Infections.
- epidemiology : Cardiovascular Diseases, South Africa.
- etiology : Cardiovascular Diseases.
- physiology : Brachial Artery.
- physiopathology : Brachial Artery, Endothelium, Vascular.
- virology : Cardiovascular Diseases, Endothelium, Vascular.
- Adult, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Epidemiologic Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors.
Abstract
There is growing evidence of an interaction between HIV-infection, anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Epidemiological studies in Europe and North America have been observing a shift towards an increased incidence of coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarctions in HIV-infected populations compared to the general population even after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Despite South Africa (and sub-Saharan Africa, SSA) being regarded as the epicentre of the global HIV epidemic, very little is known about the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and precursors of vascular disease in HIV-infected populations in this region. The knowledge gap is further widened by the paucity of data from prospective studies. We present the rationale, objectives and key methodological features of the EndoAfrica study, which aims to determine whether HIV-infection and ART are associated with altered cardiovascular risk and changes in vascular endothelial structure and function in adults living in the Western Cape Province of South Africa.
In this longitudinal study, comprehensive cardiovascular assessments of HIV-negative and HIV-positive (with and without ART) study participants are performed by clinical and biochemical screening for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers of CVD. Vascular and endothelial function is determined by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), carotid-intima-thickness (IMT) measurements and quantitative retinal blood vessel analyses, complemented by vascular endothelial biomarker assays. Finally, we aim to statistically determine whether HIV-infection and/or ART are associated with increased cardiovascular risk and vascular endothelial dysfunction, and determine whether there is progression/regression in these endpoints 18 months after the baseline assessments.
The EndoAfrica study provides a unique opportunity to recruit a cohort of HIV-infected patients and HIV-negative controls who will be comprehensively and longitudinally assessed for cardiovascular risk and disease profile with vascular endothelial function as a potentially important intermediate cardiovascular phenotype. To our knowledge, it is the first time that such a systematic study has been established in the context of SSA and South Africa.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-2158-y
PubMed: 28061822
PubMed Central: 5219697
Affiliations:
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Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Boever, Patrick" sort="De Boever, Patrick" uniqKey="De Boever P" first="Patrick" last="De Boever">Patrick De Boever</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>2400 Mol</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Centre for Environmental Studies, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Environmental Studies, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>3590 Diepenbeek</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walzl, Gerhard" sort="Walzl, Gerhard" uniqKey="Walzl G" first="Gerhard" last="Walzl">Gerhard Walzl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000 South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Essop, M Faadiel" sort="Essop, M Faadiel" uniqKey="Essop M" first="M. Faadiel" last="Essop">M. Faadiel Essop</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Cardio-Metabolic Research Group (CMRG), Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600 South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Cardio-Metabolic Research Group (CMRG), Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Stellenbosch</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nawrot, Tim S" sort="Nawrot, Tim S" uniqKey="Nawrot T" first="Tim S." last="Nawrot">Tim S. Nawrot</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Centre for Environmental Studies, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Environmental Studies, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>3590 Diepenbeek</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province du Brabant flamand</region><settlement type="city">Louvain</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Ingrid" sort="Webster, Ingrid" uniqKey="Webster I" first="Ingrid" last="Webster">Ingrid Webster</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000 South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Westcott, Corli" sort="Westcott, Corli" uniqKey="Westcott C" first="Corli" last="Westcott">Corli Westcott</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000 South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mashele, Nyiko" sort="Mashele, Nyiko" uniqKey="Mashele N" first="Nyiko" last="Mashele">Nyiko Mashele</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000 South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Everson, Frans" sort="Everson, Frans" uniqKey="Everson F" first="Frans" last="Everson">Frans Everson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000 South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malherbe, Stephanus T" sort="Malherbe, Stephanus T" uniqKey="Malherbe S" first="Stephanus T." last="Malherbe">Stephanus T. Malherbe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000 South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stanley, Kim" sort="Stanley, Kim" uniqKey="Stanley K" first="Kim" last="Stanley">Kim Stanley</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000 South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kessler, Harald H" sort="Kessler, Harald H" uniqKey="Kessler H" first="Harald H." last="Kessler">Harald H. Kessler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>8010 Graz</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stelzl, Evelyn" sort="Stelzl, Evelyn" uniqKey="Stelzl E" first="Evelyn" last="Stelzl">Evelyn Stelzl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>8010 Graz</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goswami, Nandu" sort="Goswami, Nandu" uniqKey="Goswami N" first="Nandu" last="Goswami">Nandu Goswami</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff8">Gravitational Physiology and Medicine Research Unit, Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/V, 8010 Graz, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Gravitational Physiology and Medicine Research Unit, Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/V, 8010 Graz</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>8010 Graz</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2334</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (complications)</term><term>Adult</term><term>Biomarkers (blood)</term><term>Brachial Artery (physiology)</term><term>Brachial Artery (physiopathology)</term><term>Cardiovascular Diseases (epidemiology)</term><term>Cardiovascular Diseases (etiology)</term><term>Cardiovascular Diseases (virology)</term><term>Carotid Intima-Media Thickness</term><term>Endothelium, Vascular (physiopathology)</term><term>Endothelium, Vascular (virology)</term><term>Epidemiologic Studies</term><term>HIV Infections (complications)</term><term>HIV Infections (drug therapy)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Longitudinal Studies</term><term>Prospective Studies</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>South Africa (epidemiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Artère brachiale (physiologie)</term><term>Artère brachiale (physiopathologie)</term><term>Endothélium vasculaire (physiopathologie)</term><term>Endothélium vasculaire (virologie)</term><term>Facteurs de risque</term><term>Humains</term><term>Infections à VIH ()</term><term>Infections à VIH (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Maladies cardiovasculaires (virologie)</term><term>Maladies cardiovasculaires (épidémiologie)</term><term>Maladies cardiovasculaires (étiologie)</term><term>Marqueurs biologiques (sang)</term><term>République d'Afrique du Sud (épidémiologie)</term><term>Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise ()</term><term>Épaisseur intima-média carotidienne</term><term>Études longitudinales</term><term>Études prospectives</term><term>Études épidémiologiques</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Biomarkers</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome</term><term>HIV Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Cardiovascular Diseases</term><term>South Africa</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Cardiovascular Diseases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Artère brachiale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Brachial Artery</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Artère brachiale</term><term>Endothélium vasculaire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Brachial Artery</term><term>Endothelium, Vascular</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr"><term>Marqueurs biologiques</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à VIH</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Endothélium vasculaire</term><term>Maladies cardiovasculaires</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Cardiovascular Diseases</term><term>Endothelium, Vascular</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Maladies cardiovasculaires</term><term>République d'Afrique du Sud</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="étiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Maladies cardiovasculaires</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Carotid Intima-Media Thickness</term><term>Epidemiologic Studies</term><term>Humans</term><term>Longitudinal Studies</term><term>Prospective Studies</term><term>Risk Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Facteurs de risque</term><term>Humains</term><term>Infections à VIH</term><term>Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise</term><term>Épaisseur intima-média carotidienne</term><term>Études longitudinales</term><term>Études prospectives</term><term>Études épidémiologiques</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>There is growing evidence of an interaction between HIV-infection, anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Epidemiological studies in Europe and North America have been observing a shift towards an increased incidence of coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarctions in HIV-infected populations compared to the general population even after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Despite South Africa (and sub-Saharan Africa, SSA) being regarded as the epicentre of the global HIV epidemic, very little is known about the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and precursors of vascular disease in HIV-infected populations in this region. The knowledge gap is further widened by the paucity of data from prospective studies. We present the rationale, objectives and key methodological features of the EndoAfrica study, which aims to determine whether HIV-infection and ART are associated with altered cardiovascular risk and changes in vascular endothelial structure and function in adults living in the Western Cape Province of South Africa.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>In this longitudinal study, comprehensive cardiovascular assessments of HIV-negative and HIV-positive (with and without ART) study participants are performed by clinical and biochemical screening for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers of CVD. Vascular and endothelial function is determined by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), carotid-intima-thickness (IMT) measurements and quantitative retinal blood vessel analyses, complemented by vascular endothelial biomarker assays. Finally, we aim to statistically determine whether HIV-infection and/or ART are associated with increased cardiovascular risk and vascular endothelial dysfunction, and determine whether there is progression/regression in these endpoints 18 months after the baseline assessments.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>The EndoAfrica study provides a unique opportunity to recruit a cohort of HIV-infected patients and HIV-negative controls who will be comprehensively and longitudinally assessed for cardiovascular risk and disease profile with vascular endothelial function as a potentially important intermediate cardiovascular phenotype. To our knowledge, it is the first time that such a systematic study has been established in the context of SSA and South Africa.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boccara, F" uniqKey="Boccara F">F Boccara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lang, S" uniqKey="Lang S">S Lang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meuleman, C" uniqKey="Meuleman C">C Meuleman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ederhy, S" uniqKey="Ederhy S">S Ederhy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mary Krause, M" uniqKey="Mary Krause M">M Mary-Krause</name></author><author><name sortKey="Costagliola, D" uniqKey="Costagliola D">D Costagliola</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Levy, Ws" uniqKey="Levy W">WS Levy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simon, Gl" uniqKey="Simon G">GL Simon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rios, Jc" uniqKey="Rios J">JC Rios</name></author><author><name 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uniqKey="Helmer C">C Helmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jouven, X" uniqKey="Jouven X">X Jouven</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ritchie, K" uniqKey="Ritchie K">K Ritchie</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ciccone, Mm" uniqKey="Ciccone M">MM Ciccone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scicchitano, P" uniqKey="Scicchitano P">P Scicchitano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zito, A" uniqKey="Zito A">A Zito</name></author><author><name sortKey="Agati, L" uniqKey="Agati L">L Agati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gesualdo, M" uniqKey="Gesualdo M">M Gesualdo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mandolesi, S" uniqKey="Mandolesi S">S Mandolesi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liew, G" uniqKey="Liew G">G Liew</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Jj" uniqKey="Wang J">JJ Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mitchell, P" 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uniqKey="Lee K">KE Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hubbard, Ld" uniqKey="Hubbard L">LD Hubbard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Ty" uniqKey="Wong T">TY Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klein, R" uniqKey="Klein R">R Klein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klein, Be" uniqKey="Klein B">BE Klein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Prabhakar, P" uniqKey="Prabhakar P">P Prabhakar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, H" uniqKey="Zhang H">H Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, D" uniqKey="Chen D">D Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Faber, Je" uniqKey="Faber J">JE Faber</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harris, Pa" uniqKey="Harris P">PA Harris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, R" uniqKey="Taylor R">R Taylor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thielke, R" uniqKey="Thielke R">R Thielke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Payne, J" uniqKey="Payne J">J Payne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez, N" uniqKey="Gonzalez N">N Gonzalez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Conde, Jg" uniqKey="Conde J">JG Conde</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Donald, Ae" uniqKey="Donald A">AE Donald</name></author><author><name sortKey="Halcox, Jp" uniqKey="Halcox J">JP Halcox</name></author><author><name sortKey="Charakida, M" uniqKey="Charakida M">M Charakida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Storry, C" uniqKey="Storry C">C Storry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wallace, Sm" uniqKey="Wallace S">SM Wallace</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cole, Tj" uniqKey="Cole T">TJ Cole</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hsue, Py" uniqKey="Hsue P">PY Hsue</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lo, Jc" uniqKey="Lo J">JC Lo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Franklin, A" uniqKey="Franklin A">A Franklin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bolger, Af" uniqKey="Bolger A">AF Bolger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Jn" uniqKey="Martin J">JN Martin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deeks, Sg" uniqKey="Deeks S">SG Deeks</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jong, E" uniqKey="Jong E">E Jong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Louw, S" uniqKey="Louw S">S Louw</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Gorp, Ec" uniqKey="Van Gorp E">EC van Gorp</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meijers, Jc" uniqKey="Meijers J">JC Meijers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ten Cate, H" uniqKey="Ten Cate H">H ten Cate</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jacobson, Bf" uniqKey="Jacobson B">BF Jacobson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Autriche</li><li>Belgique</li></country><region><li>Province du Brabant flamand</li></region><settlement><li>Louvain</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Afrique du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Strijdom, Hans" sort="Strijdom, Hans" uniqKey="Strijdom H" first="Hans" last="Strijdom">Hans Strijdom</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Essop, M Faadiel" sort="Essop, M Faadiel" uniqKey="Essop M" first="M. Faadiel" last="Essop">M. Faadiel Essop</name><name sortKey="Everson, Frans" sort="Everson, Frans" uniqKey="Everson F" first="Frans" last="Everson">Frans Everson</name><name sortKey="Malherbe, Stephanus T" sort="Malherbe, Stephanus T" uniqKey="Malherbe S" first="Stephanus T." last="Malherbe">Stephanus T. Malherbe</name><name sortKey="Mashele, Nyiko" sort="Mashele, Nyiko" uniqKey="Mashele N" first="Nyiko" last="Mashele">Nyiko Mashele</name><name sortKey="Stanley, Kim" sort="Stanley, Kim" uniqKey="Stanley K" first="Kim" last="Stanley">Kim Stanley</name><name sortKey="Walzl, Gerhard" sort="Walzl, Gerhard" uniqKey="Walzl G" first="Gerhard" last="Walzl">Gerhard Walzl</name><name sortKey="Webster, Ingrid" sort="Webster, Ingrid" uniqKey="Webster I" first="Ingrid" last="Webster">Ingrid Webster</name><name sortKey="Westcott, Corli" sort="Westcott, Corli" uniqKey="Westcott C" first="Corli" last="Westcott">Corli Westcott</name></country><country name="Belgique"><noRegion><name sortKey="De Boever, Patrick" sort="De Boever, Patrick" uniqKey="De Boever P" first="Patrick" last="De Boever">Patrick De Boever</name></noRegion><name sortKey="De Boever, Patrick" sort="De Boever, Patrick" uniqKey="De Boever P" first="Patrick" last="De Boever">Patrick De Boever</name><name sortKey="Nawrot, Tim S" sort="Nawrot, Tim S" uniqKey="Nawrot T" first="Tim S." last="Nawrot">Tim S. Nawrot</name><name sortKey="Nawrot, Tim S" sort="Nawrot, Tim S" uniqKey="Nawrot T" first="Tim S." last="Nawrot">Tim S. Nawrot</name></country><country name="Autriche"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kessler, Harald H" sort="Kessler, Harald H" uniqKey="Kessler H" first="Harald H." last="Kessler">Harald H. Kessler</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Goswami, Nandu" sort="Goswami, Nandu" uniqKey="Goswami N" first="Nandu" last="Goswami">Nandu Goswami</name><name sortKey="Stelzl, Evelyn" sort="Stelzl, Evelyn" uniqKey="Stelzl E" first="Evelyn" last="Stelzl">Evelyn Stelzl</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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